In recent decades, floating docks consisting of one to three sections with a total lifting capacity of 10-30 thousand tons have been widely used in ship repair practice.
Floating docks have a number of advantages over dry docks, as they can be transferred to any sea port.
The last World War set the task for the fleets of all countries, and especially the United States, to increase the carrying capacity and maneuverability of not only ships, but also floating facilities to ensure the repair of damaged ships.
The US war with Japan necessitated the relocation of the US fleet from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, which was less well-equipped with repair and shipbuilding bases.
It required the construction of floating docks with a lifting capacity of up to 100,000 tons. These tasks were quite successfully solved in the United States by the Bureau of Docks and Boathouses of the Navy in conjunction with the Bureau of Ship Construction and Repair.
Two prefabricated floating docks were built in the USA — one with a ten—section lifting capacity of 100,000 tons, and the other with a seven-section lifting capacity of 56,000 tons. It should be noted that not a single battleship of the fleet has a displacement corresponding to the loading capacity of the dock — 100,000 tons.
Such a reserve of loading capacity of the docks was adopted to ensure the docking of military battleships, the load from which on the keel line is very unevenly distributed.
Each section of the large dock measures 80x250 ft., so the ten sections with 3-foot gaps between them are 827 ft long.
In addition, there are 50-foot-wide platforms at both ends of the dock, making a total length of 927 feet.
The sections of the smaller dock measure 101x40 feet each. The total length of the dock is 725 feet, and with working platforms it is 825 feet.
To lift ships in a heavily damaged condition, an eighth section is attached to the seven sections.
Each section of the docks, individually taken, represents a well-built, non-self-propelled, heavy-duty marine barge.
The sections were built separately in dry docks, and when ready, they were towed to the assembly site. Towers weighing 425 tons are installed vertically using jacks.
It took several weeks to assemble the large floating dock and install the towers. Cranes and other parts were installed on top of the tower from a pontoon.
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